Pulmonary infection caused by Schizophyllum commune complicated with atelectasis: a case report and review of the literature

Abstract

Abstract: Filamentous fungus Schizophyllum commune(S. commune) is a conditional pathogen. There were rare reports of S. commune caused deep invasive infection in human. A patient with pulmonary infection of S.commune with normal immune function was treated in our hospital, who came from Guangdong and presented recurrent non-irritating cough and yellowish-white mucus sputum. Computed tomography of the patient’s chest showed atelectasis with mucus thrombus in the upper lobe of the right lung. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed that there was a mucinous embolus in the upper lobe of the right lung with massive yellow purulent discharge. Alveolar lavage fluid culture were positive for S. commune. His clinical status was improved and discharged after a week of itraconazole treatment. After being discharged from the hospital, the patient was maintained on itraconazole treatment for 3 months,computed tomography of the patient’s chest showed that the lesion was absorbed and the upper lobe of the right lung was completely dilated at his final follow-up, which suggested that the antifungal treatment was effective.

Key words: Schizophyllum commune, pulmonary infection, atelectasis, fiberoptic bronchoscopy, itraconazole

CLC Number:

R519.8

YE Jinghuan, CHEN Zhuni, LIU Yu, LI Yaqing, XIE Wei. Pulmonary infection caused by Schizophyllum commune complicated with atelectasis: a case report and review of the literature[J]. Chinese Journal of Mycology, 2023, 18(2): 151-155.

References

[1] 卯晓岚.中国大型真菌[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版社,2000:79.
[2] CHOWDHARY A, RANDHAWA H S, GAUR S N, et al. Schizophyllum commune as an emerging fungal pathogen:a review and report of two cases[J]. Mycoses, 2013,56(1):1-10.
[3] 郭敏,邓在春.裂褶菌相关肺部感染的研究进展[J].现代实用医学,2019,31(10):1416-1419.
[4] KLIGMAN A M.A basidiomycete probably causing onychomycosis[J].J Invest Dermatol,1950,14(1):67-70.
[5] KAMEI K, UNNO H, NAGAO K, et al. Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis causedby the basidiomycetous fungus Schizophyllum commune[J]. Clin Infect Dis, 1994,18(3):305-309.
[6] RIHS J D, PADHYE A A, GOOD C B. Brain abscess caused by Schizophyllum commune:an emerging basidiomycete pathogen[J]. J Clin Microbiol, 1996, 34(7):1628-1632.
[7] HOENIGL M, ASPECK E, VALENTIN T, et al. Sinusitis and frontal brain abscess in a diabetic patient caused by the basidiomycete Schizophyllum commune:case report and review of the literature[J]. Mycoses,2013,56(3):389-393.
[8] CHAVES-BATISTA A, MAIA J A, SINGER R. Basidioneuromycosis on man[J]. An Soc Biol Pernambuco,1955,13(1):52-60.
[9] ZHU A, AN K R, CHEN Y, et al. A case of primary pulmonary Schizophyllum commune empyema treated with video-assisted thoracoscopic decortication[J].Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg,2021,69(3):584-587.
[10] SAHA S, SENGUPTA J, BANERJEE D, et al. Schizophyllum commune:a new organism in eye infection[J]. Mycopathologia,2013,175(3-4):357-360.
[11] RESTREPO A, GREER DL, ROBLEDO M, et al. Ulceration of the palate caused by a basidiomycete Schizophyllum commune[J]. Sabouraudia,1973,11(3):201-204.
[12] ROH M L, TUAZON C U, MANDLER R, et al. Sphenocavernous syndrome associated with Schizophyllum commune infection of the sphenoid sinus[J]. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg,2005,21(1):71-74.
[13] 沈凌,张维,祁明浩,等.肺部普通裂褶菌感染三例及文献复习[J].中华临床感染病杂志,2020,13(3):199-204.
[14] 刘颖梅,王春雷,李丽娟,等.普通裂褶菌引起的变应性支气管肺真菌病一例[J].中华结核和呼吸杂志,2018,41(2):145-146.
[15] 万力,林元珠,张金芳,等.普通裂褶菌所致变应性支气管肺真菌病一例[J].中华老年医学杂志,2011,30(12):1052-1053.
[16] 刘庆华,王成,胡芸倩,等.普通裂褶菌致肺部感染1例[J].中国真菌学杂志,2020,15(3):173-174.
[17] 李小梦,朱永泽,蒋露晰,等.裂褶菌引起的肺部真菌感染一例[J].中华临床医师杂志(电子版),2020,14(10):853-856.
[18] OGAWA H, FUJIMURA M, TAKEUCHI Y, et al. The definitive diagnostic processand successful treatment for ABPM caused by Schizophyllum commune:a report of two cases[J]. Allergol Int,2012,61(1):163-169.
[19] CHAN J F, TENG J L, LI I W, et al. Fatal empyema thoracis caused by Schizophyllum commune with cross-reactive cryptococcal antigenemia[J]. J Clin Microbiol,2014,52(2):683-687.
[20] 吴锐浩,陈栎江,徐春泉,等.裂褶菌感染引起变应性支气管肺真菌病1例[J].临床检验杂志,2017,35(10):798-800.
[21] SIGLER L, DE LA MAZA L M, TAN G, et al. Diagnostic difficulties caused by a nonclamped Schizophyllum commune isolate in a case of fungus ball of the lung[J]. J Clin Microbiol,1995,33(8):1979-1983.
[22] BUZINA W, LANG-LOIDOLT D, BRAUN H, et al. Development of molecular methods for identification of Schizophyllum commune from clinical samples[J]. J ClinMicrobiol,2001,39(7):2391-2396.
[23] CHOWDHARY A, AGARWAL K, KATHURIA S, et al. Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis due to fungi other than Aspergillus:a global overview[J]. Crit Rev Microbiol,2014,40(1):30-48.
[24] DENNING D W, O'DRISCOLL B R, POWELL G, et al. Randomized controlled trial of oral antifungal treatment for severe asthma with fungal sensitization:The Fungal Asthma Sensitization Trial (FAST) study[J]. Am J Respir Crit Care Med,2009,179(1):11-18.