A case of hyalohyphomycosis caused by Penicillium citrinum and review of the literature

Abstract

Abstract: To report a case of hyalohyphomycosis caused by Penicillium citrinum, and to carry on the review to the related literature. A 55-year-old female was admitted to the hospital due to plaque and nodules on her left forearm for more than 4 months. Fungal fluorescence microscopy of the scrapings from the surface of the lesions was performed, little hyphae were visible by direct fluoroscopic ophthalmoscopy. The biopsies were surgically removed along with pathological examination, bacterial culture, and fungal culture. Histopathological results indicated that there were hyphae and spores in the infected granuloma after PAS staining. Fungal DNA derived from biopsy tissue and DNA derived from formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues were both amplified and identified as P. citrinum by sequencing alignment analysis, which was consistent with morphological identification. A checkerboard microdilution assay was performed to measure the MIC value of itraconazole as a single agent was 0.5μg/mL.It was diagnosed as hyalohyphomycosis caused by P. citrinum, which was significantly improved by giving itraconazole 200 mg/d orally for 1 month.

Key words: P. citrinum, hyalohyphomycosis, molecular identification, pathological diagnosis

CLC Number:

SHI Haiyan, CHEN Mei, ZHANG Li, SUN Yi, ZENG Tongxiang, LIU Bing, ZHANG Qiuqiu. A case of hyalohyphomycosis caused by Penicillium citrinum and review of the literature[J]. Chinese Journal of Mycology, 2022, 17(4): 304-307.

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