Molecular regulation on biosynthesis of β-1,3-glucan on cell wall of Aspergillus fumigatus

Abstract

Abstract:

As a major pathogenic fungus,Aspergillus fumigatus is able to cause the invasive pulmonary aspergilosis with high mortality,or chronic infection and allergic disease.β-1,3-glucan is not only the back-bone of cell wall of A.fumigatus,but also an essential immunogenic factor.β-1,3-glucan synthase is composed of a catalytic subunit,Fks and regulatory subunit,Rho1.Rho1 can bind to Fks and regulate the synthesis of β-1,3-glucan through the transformation and modification of its active state.It also may affect cellular translocation and function of Fks by controlling the actin cytoskeleton rearrangement.

Key words: Aspergillus fumigatus, β-1,3-glucan, innate immune response, Rho-GTPase

CLC Number:

R379.6

ZHANG Xi, HAN Li. Molecular regulation on biosynthesis of β-1,3-glucan on cell wall of Aspergillus fumigatus[J]. Chinese Journal of Mycology, 2017, 12(5): 309-311,317.

References

[1] Chen J,Wang F,Zheng S,et al.Pavement cells:a model system for non-transcriptional auxin signalling and crosstalks[J].J Exp Bot,2015,66(16):4957-4970.
[2] Haddadi P,Ma L,Wang H,et al.Genome-wide transcriptome analyses provides insights into the lifestyle transition and effector repertoire of Leptosphaeria maculans during colonization of B.napus seedlings[J].Mol Plant Pathol,2016,17(8):1196-1210.
[3] van der Meer JW,Joosten LA,Riksen N,et al.Trained immunity:A smart way to enhance innate immune defence[J].Mol Immunol,2015,68(1):40-44.
[4] Latge JP.The cell wall:a carbohydrate armour for the fungal cell[J].Mol Microbiol,2007,66(2):279-290.
[5] Perlin DS.Echinocandin resistance,susceptibility testing and prophylaxis:implications for patient management[J].Drugs,2014,74(14):1573-1585.
[6] Valiante V,Macheleidt J,Foge M,et al.The Aspergillus fumigatus cell wall integrity signaling pathway:drug target,compensatory pathways,and virulence[J].Front Microbiol,2015,4(6):325.
[7] Ishihara S,Hirata A,Nogami S,et al.Homologous subunits of 1,3-beta-glucan synthase are important for spore wall assembly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae[J].Eukaryot Cell,2007,6(2):143-156.
[8] Beauvais A,Bruneau JM,Mol PC,et al.Glucan synthase complex of Aspergillus fumigatus[J].J Bacteriol,2001,183(7):2273-2279.
[9] Periasamy A,Shadiac N,Amalraj A,et al.Cell-free protein synthesis of membrane (1,3)-β-d-glucan (curdlan) synthase:co-translational insertion in liposomes and reconstitution in nanodiscs[J].Biochim Biophys Acta,2013,1828(2):743-757.
[10] Rocha EM,Garcia-Effron G,Park S,et al.A Ser678Pro substitution in Fks1p confers resistance to echinocandin drugs in Aspergillus fumigatus[J].Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2007,51(11):4174-4176.
[11] Caballero-Lima D,Kaneva IN,Watton SP,et al.The spatial distribution of the exocyst and actin cortical patches is sufficient to organize hyphal tip growth[J].Eukaryot Cell,2013,12(7):998-1008.
[12] Delley PA,Hall MN.Cell wall stress depolarizes cell growth via hyperactivation of RHO1[J].J Cell Biol,1999,147(1):163-174.
[13] Zhang C,Cheng J,Jiang Y,et al.Application of caspofungin in China compared with amphotericin B and fluconazole[J].Ther Clin Risk Manag,2014,9(10):737-741.
[14] Tajadura V,Garcia B,Garcia I,et al.Schizosaccharomyces pombe Rgf3p is a specific Rho1 GEF that regulates cell wall beta-glucan biosynthesis through the GTPase Rho1p[J].J Cell Sci,2004,117(Pt25):6163-6174.
[15] Fitch PG,Gammie AE,Lee DJ,et al.Lrg1p Is a Rho1 GTPase-activating protein required for efficient cell fusion in yeast[J].Genetics,2004,168(2):733-746.
[16] Inoue SB,Qadota H,Arisawa M,et al.Prenylation of Rho1p is required for activation of yeast 1,3-beta-glucan synthase[J].J Biol Chem,1999,274(53):38119-38124.
[17] Bickle M,Delley PA,Schmidt A,et al.Cell wall integrity modulates RHO1 activity via the exchange factor ROM2[J].EMBO J,1998,17(8):2235-2245.
[18] Utsugi T,Minemura M,Hirata A,et al.Movement of yeast 1,3-beta-glucan synthase is essential for uniform cell wall synthesis[J].Genes Cells,2002,7(1):1-9.
[19] Hartmann S,Ridley AJ,Lutz S.The Function of Rho-Associated Kinases ROCK1 and ROCK2 in the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular Disease[J].Front Pharmacol,2015,11(6):276.
[20] Chen Q,Pollard TD.Actin filament severing by cofilin dismantles actin patches and produces mother filaments for new patches[J].Curr Biol,2013,23(13):1154-1162.
[21] Curwin AJ,von Blume J,Malhotra V.Cofilin-mediated sorting and export of specific cargo from the Golgi apparatus in yeast[J].Mol Biol Cell,2012,23(12):2327-2338.
[22] Han L,Stope MB,de Jesus ML,et al.Direct stimulation of receptor-controlled phospholipase D1 by phospho-cofilin[J].EMBO J,2007,26(19):4189-4202.
[23] Zambuzzi-Carvalho PF,Fernandes AG,Valadares MC,et al.Transcriptional profile of the human pathogenic fungus Paracoccidioides lutzii in response to sulfamethoxazole[J].Med Mycol,2015,53(5):477-492.
[24] Harkins AL,Yuan G,London SD,et al.An oleate-stimulated,phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-independent phospholipase D in Schizosaccharomyces pombe[J].FEMS Yeast Res,2010,10(6):717-726.
[25] Dolan JW,Bell AC,Hube B,et al.Candida albicans PLD I activity is required for full virulence[J].Med Mycol,2004,42(5):439-447.
[26] Ko YT,Frost DJ,Ho CT,et al.Inhibition of yeast (1,3)-beta-glucan synthase by phospholipase A2 and its reaction products[J].Biochim Biophys Acta,1994,1193(1):31-40.
[27] De Pascale G,Tumbarello M.Fungal infections in the ICU:advances in treatment and diagnosis[J].Curr Opin Crit Care,2015,21(5):421-429.
[28] Dichtl K,Samantaray S,Aimanianda V,et al.Aspergillus fumigatus devoid of cell wall β-1,3-glucan is viable,massively sheds galactomannan and is killed by septum formation inhibitors[J].Mol Microbiol,2015,95(3):458-471.
[29] Schlosser A,Thomsen T,Moeller JB,et al.Characterization of FIBCD1 as an acetyl group-binding receptor that binds chitin[J].J Immunol,2009,183(6):3800-3809.
[30] Aranda-Martinez A,Lopez-Moya F,Lopez-Llorca LV.Cell wall composition plays a key role on sensitivity of filamentous fungi to chitosan[J].J Basic Microbiol,2016,56(10):1059-1070.
[31] Marcoszambrano,LJ,Gómezperosanz M,Escribano P,et al.Biofilm production and antibiofilm activity of echinocandins and liposomal amphotericin b in echinocandin-resistant yeast species[J].Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2016,60(6):3579-3586.