Sterilization of Candida albicans by Atmospheric pressure non-equilibrium plasma

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To investigate the sterilization effect of Atmospheric pressure non-equilibrium plasma (APNP) to Candida albicans and its mechanisms.Methods Standard strains of Candida albicans were treated with APNP with different gas flows, operation durations and distances. Growth of the strains was observed, CFU was calculated with plate counting method and the changes of cell structure were observed with electron microscope.Results The growth of Candida albicans strains was suppressed significantly after treated with APNP. The inhibitory effect was greater with the gas flow of 2/0.06 L/min (He/O₂) than with that of 2/0.02 L/min, the operation duration of 10 min was better than 2 min, and the distance of 1 cm was better than 2 cm. After exposure to APNP, the fungal cells showed wizened, broken cell wall and cell membrane, leakage of cell content under electron microscopes.Conclusion s The sterilization effect of APNP on Candida albicans is significant. This effect is promoted with more O₂, longer operation duration and nearer distance. The main mechanism may be attributed to the active particles, which cause the breaking of the cell wall and membrane.

Key words: Atmospheric pressure non-equilibrium plasma, Candida albicans, sterilization, mechanisms

CLC Number:

R379.4

LIAN Xin, CHEN Juan, FENG Ai-ping, ZENG Jing-si, ZHENG yue-chen. Sterilization of Candida albicans by Atmospheric pressure non-equilibrium plasma[J]. Chinese Journal of Mycology, 2013, 8(3): 142-146.

References

[1] 贾建平,刘克富,朱业湘,等. 大气压下低温等离子体灭菌消毒技术的研究[J]. 高电压技术, 2007,33(2):116-119.
[2] Danil D, Gregory F, Gary F, et al. Physical and biological mechanisms of direct plasma interaction with living tissue[J]. New Journal of Physics, 2009, 30(11): 20-46.
[3] Venezia, R A, Orrico, M, Houston E, et al. Lethal activity of nonthermal plasma sterilization against microorganisms[J]. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol, 2008, 29(5):430-436.
[4] Pappas PG. Opportunistic fungi: a view to the future[J]. Am J Med Sci,2010, 340(3), 253-257.
[5] 冯文莉,杨静.3年间医院内侵袭性真菌感染的病原菌分布及临床分析[J]. 中华医院感染学杂志, 2008,18(7): 1030-1033.
[6] Moisan M, Barbeau J, Moreau S, et al. Low-temperature sterilization using gas plasmas: a review of the experiments and analysis of the inactivation mechanisms[J]. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2001, 226(1/2):1-21.
[7] Lerouge S, Guignot C, Tabrizian M, et al. Plasma-based sterilization: effect on surface and bulkd properties, and hydrolytic stability of reprocessed polyurethane electrophysiology catheters[J]. J Biomed Mater Res, 2000, 52(4): 774-782.
[8] Mendis D A, Rosenberg M, Azam F. A note on the possible electrostatic disruption of bacetria[J]. IEEE Trans Plasma Sci, 2000, 28(4):1304-1306.
[9] Montie TC, Kelly-Wintenberg K, Roth J R.An overview of research using the one atmosphere uniform glow discharge plasma (OAUGDP) for sterilization of surfaces and materials[J]. IEEE Trans Plasma Sci, 2000, 28(1): 41-50.
[10] Ashish S, Amy P, Zengqi Y, et al. Bacterial inactivation in open air by the afterglow plume emitted from a grounded hollow slot electrode[J]. Enviorn Sci Technol, 2005, 39(8): 339-344.
[11] Yu Q S, Hunag C, Hsieh F H, et al. Sterilization effects of atmospheric cold plasma bursh[J]. Appl Phys Lett, 2006, 88(1): 013903-013903-3.
[12] Lee K, Paek K H, Ju W T, et al. Sterilization of bacteria, yeast, and bacterial endospores by atmospheric-pressure cold plasma using helium and oxygen[J]. J Microbiol, 2006, 44(3): 269-275.

[1]	ZENG Xuan-hao, ZHANG Qiang-qiang. The recent progresses of anti-cancer fungal extracts [J]. Chinese Journal of Mycology, 2017, 12(3): 184-192.
[2]	KANG Ye, ZHOU Mi, Yan Lan. Research on molecular mechanisms of Candida albicans infection [J]. Chinese Journal of Mycology, 2015, 10(5): 312-316.
[3]	LIANG Pin, WANG Xiao-wen, WAN Zhe, LI Ruo-yu. Functional studies of neutrophils from phaeohyphomycosis patients with CARD9 deficiencies against Candida albicans [J]. Chinese Journal of Mycology, 2015, 10(1): 1-5.
[4]	ZHANG Meng-xiang, XIA Dan, SHI Gao-xiang, LU Ke-qiao, SHAO Jing, WU Da-qiang, WANG Tian-ming, WANG Chang-zhong. Anti-adhesion effect of Butyl alcohol extract of BaiTouWeng decoction on Candida albicans isolated from VVC [J]. Chinese Journal of Mycology, 2015, 10(1): 25-30.
[5]	HE Xiao-yuan, ZHAO Ming-feng. The research progress on antifungal resistance mechanisms of Candida spp. [J]. Chinese Journal of Mycology, 2015, 10(1): 49-53.
[6]	ZHU Dan-ting, LI Jing, YU Li-ying. Research progress in the pathogenesis of Candida albicans [J]. Chinese Journal of Mycology, 2015, 10(1): 54-58.
[7]	LIU Fang, ZHANG Min, KONG Qing-tao, YAN Wen-liang, HU Wen-xing, LIU Hai-bo, SANG Hong. A case of cutaneous manifestations as an initial presentation of disseminated candidiasis [J]. Chinese Journal of Mycology, 2014, 9(5): 283-286.
[8]	WANG Xiao-fei, ZHANG Lu-lu, CAO Yong-bing, JIANG Yuan-ying. The research progress of Candida albicans wall-breaking method [J]. Chinese Journal of Mycology, 2014, 9(5): 310-315.
[9]	LI Dan, CUI Fan, XIONG Jun-hao. Mechanism of Candida albicans adhering to the host [J]. Chinese Journal of Mycology, 2014, 9(5): 316-320.
[10]	LV Xia-lin, ZHANG Hong, SONG Yan-jun, LI Shui-xiu. A preliminary research of tetrandrine and fluconazole affecting the cell cycle in Candida albicans [J]. Chinese Journal of Mycology, 2014, 9(4): 215-217.
[11]	WANG Ying, LIU Jin-yan, SHI Ce, XIANG Ming-jie. Progress on the transcription factors associated with azole resistance in Candida albicans [J]. Chinese Journal of Mycology, 2014, 9(4): 241-244,240.
[12]	ZHAO Jing, LIU Ji-yong, ZHANG Hai, CAO Yong-bing, ZHEGN Qing-hu, WU Jian-hua. The effect of CRK1 gene deletion on morphogenesis,adhesion and biofilm formation of Candida albicans [J]. Chinese Journal of Mycology, 2014, 9(1): 7-11.
[13]	ZHANG Yan-xia, YAN Lan, JIANG Yuan-ying. Progress on vaccine and antibodies against Candida albicans infections [J]. Chinese Journal of Mycology, 2014, 9(1): 47-51,64.
[14]	CHEN Xia, CUI Fan, LIN Zhao-chun. Innate immunity response in Anti-systemic Candida albicans infection [J]. Chinese Journal of Mycology, 2014, 9(1): 52-55,59.
[15]	ZHANG Lei, YANG Wei-ling. The effect of UV on Candida albicans [J]. Chinese Journal of Mycology, 2014, 9(1): 56-59.