Abstract: Objective To explore the historical and geography rule of deep mycosis during1950 to2007,and to provide theoretical evidence for better prevention and treatment.Methods All the literature of deep mycosis reported from 1950 to 2007 with 1980 as the intermediate year in China were reviewed.Eight geographical regions of China were set as the dividing line,while age,disease categories and related factors as the variable.All of the 15 778 cases of deep mycosis were analyzed by the SPSS 13.0.Results The incidence of deep mycosis in China increased yearly and changed gradually from centralized to decentralized in geographical distribution.The most often reported area is the Yangtze River region,followed by the Central Plains region and the Lingnan region.Highrisk population,categories,and factors related to deep mycosis in China differed in history and geography.In 1950-2007,the incidence in the young and middle-aged was high,but declined instead by those in children and the old after 1980.The categories of the disense increased significantly after 1980,of which candidasis was the most common and widespread,while rhinosporosis,copulariopsosis were still confined to restrictive local regions.Injury was the main related factor to deep mycosis before 1980,replaced by sexual contact,abuse of antibiotics,chronic diseases,and more other factors after wards.Conclusions The incidence of deep mycosis in China increases yearly in the regions with humid climate,prosperous economy and densely population,such as the Yangtze River and the Central Plains region.Combined analysis of the historical and geography characteristics is important for prevention and treatment.

Key words: deep mycosis, China, historical geography