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中国真菌学杂志 2022, Vol. 17  Issue (4): 269-272,293.

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重庆某医院近5年新生隐球菌感染患者临床资料及药物敏感性分析

张传明, 戴玮, 牛司强, 徐绣宇   

  1. 重庆医科大学附属第一医院检验科, 重庆 400016
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-20 出版日期:2022-08-28 发布日期:2022-08-31
  • 通讯作者: 徐绣宇,E-mail:xuxiuyu85@126.com E-mail:xuxiuyu85@126.com
  • 作者简介:张传明,男(汉族),硕士,初级技师.E-mail:zhangchuanming2012@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市自然科学基金项目(cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0199)

Clinical data and drug susceptibilities of Cryptococcus neoformans infection cases in a hospital in recent 5 years in Chongqing

ZHANG Chuanming, DAI Wei, NIU Siqiang, XU Xiuyu   

  1. The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
  • Received:2021-04-20 Online:2022-08-28 Published:2022-08-31

摘要: 目的 了解重庆地区新生隐球菌感染的类型、治疗、预后和菌株耐药性情况。方法 回顾性分析我院近5年新生隐球菌感染病例的临床资料以及6种抗真菌药物的敏感性。结果 我院新生隐球菌感染共47例,感染类型以隐球菌性脑膜脑炎为主(72.3%),78.7%的患者为男性,且大部分患者无HIV感染;此外,有17.1%的患者患有隐球菌肺炎。37例患者进行血清和/或脑脊液隐球菌荚膜多糖抗原检测,其阳性率均为100%。所有菌株对伊曲康唑和伏立康唑均为野生型,90%以上的菌株对5-氟胞嘧啶和泊沙康唑为野生型,对氟康唑为野生型的菌株占85.1%,但对两性霉素B为野生型的菌株仅有53.2%。经药物治疗后预后良好者占78.0%,但未进行治疗的患者中仅有16.7%预后良好。结论 及时检测隐球菌荚膜多糖抗原有助于提高隐球菌感染诊断的阳性率,新生隐球菌培养阳性后及时进行药物敏感性试验非常重要,根据药敏结果尽早给予联合抗隐球菌治疗对改善患者预后意义重大。

关键词: 新生隐球菌感染, 药物敏感性, 临床资料, 隐球菌肺炎

Abstract: Objective To investigate the infection type, treatment regimen, prognosis and drug susceptibility of Cryptococcus neoformans infection (CNI) in Chongqing area. Methods The clinical data of patients with CNI and the susceptibility of Cryptococcus neoformans isolates to 6 antifungal agents in our hospital in recent 5 years were analyzed retrospectively. Results A total of 47 cases with CNI were enrolled. Cryptococcal meningitis (72.3%) was the main type of Cryptococcus neoformans infection in our hospital, 78.7% of the patients were male, and most of the patients were non-HIV infection. In addition, 17.1% of the patients were diagnosed with cryptococcal pneumonia. Cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide antigen in serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid was assayed for 37 patients, and the positive rate was 100%. All strains were wild-type to itraconazole and voriconazole, more than 90% of strains were wild-type to 5-flucytosine and posaconazole, and 85.1% of strains were wild-type to fluconazole, but only 53.2% of strains were wild-type to amphotericin B. Good prognosis after antifungal treatment achieved in 78.0% patients. But only 16.7% of the untreated patients had a good prognosis. Conclusion Timely detection of cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide antigen can improve the diagnostic accuracy and positive rate of Cryptococcus neoformans infection. Drug susceptibility testing is also necessary after Cryptococcus neoformans was isolated. According to the Results of drug susceptibility testing, early combination therapy plays an important role in improving the prognosis of patients.

Key words: Cryptococcus neoformans infection, drug susceptibilities, clinical data, cryptococcal pneumonia

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